After the “Anschluss” of Austria, the Ruhmann brothers were persecuted by the Nazi regime, their paper company was “Aryanized.” Franz Ruhmann, who had compiled an important glass collection, was forced to leave it behind when he fled. The MAK took over a total of 103 of the glasses between 1938 and 1941. In 1941, four items were each given to the Ferdinandeum, the Joanneum, and the Museum Niederdonau. In 1951, the 91 objects that had remained at the MAK were restituted to Dr. Karl Ruhmann, brother of Franz Ruhmann who had died in 1946.